English Translation of Al-Quran
[38].Surah Suad
Ayat 22. When they (petitioners reached) and entered in upon Dawud AS (David), he was terrified of them, they said: “Fear not! (We are) two litigants, one of whom has wronged the other, therefore judge between us with truth, and treat us not with injustice, and guide us to the Right Way.
Tafseer of Surah Suad Ayat 22. David AS was used to retiring to his private chamber at stated times for his devotions. One day, suddenly, his privacy was invaded by two men, who had obtained access by climbing over a wall. David AS was disturbed by the apparition. But they said: “We have come to seek thy justice as king: we are brothers, and we have a quarrel, which we wish thee to decide.”
English Translation of Hadith
Hazrat Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah ﷺ [SAWW](PBUH) heard the voices of altercation of two disputants at the door; both the voices were quite loud. One was asking the other to make his debts little (so that he could pay them) and was pleading with him to show leniency to him, whereupon the (other one) said: “By Allah, I will not do that”. Then there came Messenger of Allah ﷺ (PBUH) to them and said, “Where is he who swore by Allah that he would not do good?” He said: “O Messenger of Allah ﷺ [SAWW](PBUH), it is me. Now he may do as he desires”. [Al-Bukhari Hadith # 2705 and Muslim Hadith # 1557].
Lesson: as mentioned above in Surah As-Suad Ayat 22 “one of whom has wronged the other, therefore judge between us with truth, and treat us not with injustice, and guide us to the Right Way” This Hadith highlights the following four main points:
1. It is desirable to help someone who is in straitened circumstances because of a debt. If the lender forgives a part of the loan or gives concession of time in repayment of loan, it is an act of great merit. As Allah says: “And if the debtor is in a hard time (has no money), then grant him time till it is easy for him to repay; but if you remit it by way of charity, that is better for you if you did but know.” (2:280)
2. If someone seems to incline towards evil, he should be scolded so that he would keep himself away from it and would turn to virtue.
3. Such people who quarrel among themselves should not be left to mutual bickering but efforts should be made for their reconciliation.
4. People who are quarrelling should also cooperate with those who make efforts for reconciliation, and respect their spirit of goodwill.